Which principle is associated with fair resource distribution in public health?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Beneficence
• C. Justice
• D. Nonmaleficence

Answer: (C)

In public health ethics, fair distribution of resources is guided by justice, the principle that benefits and burdens should be allocated equitably and that disparities are addressed. Justice emphasizes fairness and equity in who gets access to vaccines, medicines, and other health resources, and it often prioritizes protecting vulnerable or underserved groups. This differs from autonomy, which centers on individuals’ right to make their own choices; beneficence, which aims to promote good; and nonmaleficence, which focuses on avoiding harm. In practice, a justice-minded approach would support allocating resources to those most in need or most at risk, helping to reduce inequities in health outcomes.