Which phase of disaster management includes activities such as search and rescue and sheltering?

• A. Response
• B. Mitigation
• C. Preparedness
• D. Recovery

Answer: (A)

Disaster management focuses on different stages of how we respond to and recover from emergencies. Search and rescue and sheltering are actions taken to protect lives and provide for immediate needs during the crisis itself. They involve rapid on-the-ground work to locate people, remove them from danger if necessary, evacuate when required, and set up temporary housing and essential supports for those displaced. This is the essence of the response phase: immediate, life-saving actions taken as the hazard is ongoing or right after it strikes.

Mitigation happens before or between disasters to reduce risk (like strengthening buildings or improving flood defenses). Preparedness covers planning, training, and stocking resources so communities can respond more effectively when a disaster occurs. Recovery focuses on rebuilding and returning to normal after the danger has passed.