Which is an example of secondary prevention for cardiovascular health?

• A. Regular blood pressure screenings
• B. Vaccination
• C. Nutritional counseling
• D. Bypass surgery

Answer: (A)

Secondary prevention means taking action after risk factors or early disease are identified to prevent its progression and avoid complications. Regular blood pressure screenings fit this, because detecting hypertension early allows timely treatment—lifestyle changes and possibly medications—to lower the chance of heart attack, stroke, or other cardiovascular problems down the road. Vaccination prevents disease from occurring (primary prevention). Nutritional counseling reduces risk factors and is also primary prevention. Bypass surgery treats established heart disease to prevent further harm, aligning with tertiary prevention. So, regular blood pressure screenings are an example of secondary prevention.